As a source of military inspiration, Joan of Arc helped turn the Hundred Years War firmly in France's favour. By 1453, Charles VII had reconquered all of France except for Calais, which the English ...

As a source of military inspiration, Joan of Arc helped turn the Hundred Years War firmly in France's favour. By 1453, Charles VII had reconquered all of France except for Calais, which the English ...

The link with Spain led to war with France and eventually to the loss of Calais in 1558. In 1555 Stephen Gardiner died, Cardinal Reginald Pole became Archbishop of Canterbury.