The progranulin gene (GRN) encodes glycoprotein PGRN (progranulin), a ubiquitous molecule with known anti‐inflammatory property. However, the role of PGRN in cardiovascular disease remains undefined.

The brain-resident plasma cells itself cannot be measured as yet, but the damage possibly caused by autoantibodies should be detected via biomarkers for neuronal and axonal loss such as t-tau, PGRN, ...

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