In the early 1800s, French physiologist Marie-Jean-Pierre Flourens removed the cerebellums from pigeons and observed the animals stumbling around as if intoxicated. He, like Holmes, noted that the ...

The researchers found that when an alcohol-processing enzyme is missing from the cerebellum in mice, the animals metabolized alcohol differently. “My hypothesis is that the brain has a metabolic ...

“One major challenge in studying the NTS is its deep location beneath the cerebellum, which has made observation in living animals difficult.” explains lead author Masakazu Agetsuma.

Yet it has not been clear how the cerebellum controls tongue movements. To answer this question, Shadmehr and colleagues used an animal model that has a long tongue and can skillfully direct it to ...

The communication between the brain and bodily organs is fundamental to emotion regulation and overall mental health.