The cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria plays a crucial role in the bacteria resistance to certain antimicrobials and its adaptation to the host environment. The first line of cell defense is its ...

To address this research gap, researchers from Pusan National University, Korea have turned their attention to extracellular vesicles (EVs)—membrane-bound nanoparticles released by cells that ...

Herein, biomineralized engineered bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs@MnCaP-FA) are developed to synergistically activate the cGAS-STING pathway and modulate LA metabolism for antitumor ...

These findings demonstrated the potential of bacterial membrane vesicles as heteroantigen reservoirs to activate antitumor immune responses, which could further synergize with ICB for promoted immune ...

The bacterial cell membrane is the initial site of action for colistin. [1, 2, 10] Colistin binds to LPSs and phospholipids in the outer cell membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.