Researchers developed a technique to gain a deeper understanding of ribosome function and their cooperative behaviors.

Within the ribosome, the mRNA and aminoacyl-tRNA complexes are held together closely, which facilitates base-pairing. The rRNA catalyzes the attachment of each new amino acid to the growing chain.

The simplest way to decipher the code would be to start with an mRNA molecule of known sequence, use it to direct the synthesis of a protein, and then determine the amino acid sequence of the ...

Lots of it. Many ribosomes can be working on a single strand of mRNA at once. Protein synthesis isn't a slow process, either. A protein chain 400 amino acids long can be assembled in 20 seconds!

In a new paper in Nano Letters, the researchers demonstrate how peptides—short strings of amino acids—can serve as precise targeting molecules, enabling LNPs to deliver mRNA specifically to ...

The newly formed strand of mRNA is now ready to leave the nucleus ... Peptide bonds form between the adjacent amino acids to finalise the structure.

Ribosomes read the genetic code in mRNA and translate it into a sequence of amino acids, which fold into functional proteins. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules play a crucial role in this process by ...