Researchers developed a technique to gain a deeper understanding of ribosome function and their cooperative behaviors.

The simplest way to decipher the code would be to start with an mRNA molecule of known sequence, use it to direct the synthesis of a protein, and then determine the amino acid sequence of the ...

Just like the mechanical components in cars or computers, the molecules inside a cell can sometimes malfunction. When this happens during DNA replication, the result is an unpredictable change in ...

In a new paper in Nano Letters, the researchers demonstrate how peptides—short strings of amino acids—can serve as precise targeting molecules, enabling LNPs to deliver mRNA specifically to ...

For example, a sequence for an mRNA molecule might be: AUG-GGU-CAA-UAA. Each one of these codons corresponds to a specific ...

In a new peer reviewed analysis, scientists quantify amino acids before and after our “last universal common ancestor.” The last universal common ancestor is the single life form that branched ...

Grozdanov explained that alternative polyadenylation is an RNA-processing mechanism that determines how an mRNA amino acid sequence ends by selecting specific sites called polyadenylation sites.

Lots of it. Many ribosomes can be working on a single strand of mRNA at once. Protein synthesis isn't a slow process, either. A protein chain 400 amino acids long can be assembled in 20 seconds!

The small subunit had gone away; the mRNA had gone away. We thought the ribosome was completely in destruction mode. So why was it bringing in a tRNA with an amino acid ready to be added on to the ...

They typically involve nucleotide changes that alter the amino acid sequence of the VHL protein ... Chemical interactions between nucleotide bases cause mRNA to fold into three-dimensional structures ...

The newly formed strand of mRNA is now ready to leave the nucleus ... Peptide bonds form between the adjacent amino acids to finalise the structure.