Introduction In the past, the term Budd-Chiari syndrome has been used to designate various entities, which was occasionally misleading. Recently, however, international panels have agreed that ...

Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) occurs as a result of obstruction of hepatic venous outflow at any level from the small hepatic veins to the junction of the inferior vena cava with the right atrium.

Around one in 1000 people have a chiari malformation, where the lower part of the brain pushes through the skull into the spinal canal. The problem varies in severity, but in some cases ...