It consists of an adenine nucleotide joined to a nicotinamide nucleotide. NAD + acts as an electron carrier in redox reactions, such as the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain, enabling ...

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a linear molecule composed of four types of smaller molecules called ribonucleotide bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U). RNA is often compared ...

and FADH 2 (reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide), that are produced by the oxidation of carbohydrates (the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle) and fatty acids is coupled to the generation of an ...

A change from thymine to adenine (T → A) or guanine (T → G). Thymine deletions or insertions: The loss or gain of one or more thymine bases in the DNA sequence. These mutations can have various ...